在过去的十年中,由于重要的生物标志物和靶向产品的类别,尤其是在NSCLC段中,占所有肺癌病例的84%(1),因此在过去十年中,治疗方案已经走了很长一段路。如今,平均而言,NSCLC患者接受了4种预测性生物标志物的测试,并且该信息用于选择该患者疾病的最佳治疗选择(2)。
下图突出了用于治疗NSCLC患者的目标疗法的关键类别,以及随着时间的推移,这些类别的价值份额如何变化。自2018年以来,NSCLC额外增长了50%至150亿美元,其中四分之三来自PD-1抑制剂。
NSCLC的其他重要类别的靶向产品是EGFR抑制剂和ALK抑制剂。这两个类别以小分子为主导,我们已经看到了第二代和第三代产品的形式增量创新,旨在改善早期发射(例如更好的安全性概况或对出现的常见耐药性突变的效力提高)。
We’re also observing brand new targets and products emerge in the NSCLC space such as NTRK Inhibitor Rozlytrek (entrectinib, Roche), that has a tumour agnostic approval for patients with the NTRK fusion gene as well as an approval for ROS-1 positive NSCLC patient (3). The value share of targeted therapies has been consistently growing as they lead to better patient outcomes.
Overall, survival rates have been improving over time for lung cancer patients, for example in the UK the 3-year net survival percentage has improved by ~10% between 1995-2014 and we’re yet to see the impact of some of the newer targeted therapies on these trends (4). Nonetheless, lung cancer still has the highest mortality rate out of all tumour types with an estimated 1.8 million deaths in 2020, showing that there is still need for effective therapies to address this significant unmet need (5).
参考
- https://www.cancer.org/cancer/lung-cancer/about/key-statistics.html,2021年4月访问
- 导航肿瘤学生物标志物测试的复杂现实(IQVIA Whitepaper,2020)
- https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-information-approved-drugs/fda-approves-entrectinib-ntrk-ntrk-solid-tumors-tumors-tumors-and-tumors-and-ros-1-nsclc,2021年4月访问
- https://gco.iarc.fr/survival/survmark/,2021年4月访问
- https://gco.iarc.fr/today,2021年4月访问
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